Who Else Is Lying to Us About Toulmin Essay Samples?

Who Else Is Lying to Us About Toulmin Essay Samples? The most important thing all writers must keep in mind whilst writing this type of essay is to use the very first person tone. When you have gathered ideas on this issue, you have to properly place your thoughts into words. Your very first job is picking a topic. When you have decided the use of the paper, it's time to spot your audience. Sometimes, two proceedings that seem connected in regards to time might not be associated. The two of these structures are normally used. As is true with all kinds of writing, there's nobody right approach to organize or structure an argument. This kind of argument works well whenever there are no clear truths or absolute solutions to an issue. The truth is that same-sex marriages are very similar to the typical heterosexual marriages. It's instead more of the usage of marriage for a weapon to resist against the homosexuals. Just by the simple fact that homosexuality goes against that which we believe in does not signify that it's going to be harmful to the total course. To the contrary, the same-sex marriages perception is that they're illegal, though they are consistent with the rights of people involved. Finding the opportunity to go to school whilst playing sports is such a fantastic thing for an individual's future. This has caused new means of studying the family, including the same-sex partners. The key consideration to bear in mind is that you wish to go for an argument structure that operates well for your situation, meeting the demands of your audience together with your goals as a writer. Look at a nonsmoker in his own house. The prevalence of the web has resulted in an increase in plagiarism amongst students. For instance, you could possibly be interested in knowing more about traffic issues in america. Every individual in the USA should have access to federally-funded medical insurance. Such an essay has to involve plenty of research to be able to acquire factual and correct info. Quite frequently, the very best topic is one which you truly care about, but you also will need to get ready to research it. Following that, you must research that topic to be able to specify the topic's scope, therefore it can be readily discussed in 1000 word essay. If you aiming a great score and stick out in your class, you can practice on the wide variety of essay outlines available on our principal site. Well, you're not the just one. I am quite pleased with the work which he or she did! You should observe the next outline. Therefore, there may be other aspects which influence the specific benefits in school. There are hundreds and hundreds of studies that have shown again and again, no matter the population studied, the quantity of persons involved with the study and the kinds of exercises examined, that exercise does have a positive influence on overall wellness. Yes, they have been done on this too and they show that the outcome and the time it takes to achieve the desired result depends on how often exercising is done, for how long and the types of exercise done. These studies have been so extensive they have delved deep into the kinds of exercise and how much is required for the a variety of health benefits. Failure to know the all-natural climate change will ensure it is impossible to counter the issue of global warming. As soon as it's essential to note you should continue in your search for resources and support throughout this procedure, even as you locate source material, you can start to take into consideration how you intend to bring your ideas and your sources together into a clear, organized method. Not every kid will suffer from a number of the things but there's a chance that a few of the children will and with the effects I have discussed it wouldn't be a risk I am prepared to take. By way of example, write about animal testing and the demand for more laws to stop it. If you are searching for Toulmin essay idea, below are some fantastic topics you can test out. Following that, the last portion of the introduction section should talk about the thesis statement of your essay. Such an essay also presents facts and figures citing it by credible sources so the reader is convi nced. It involves a variety of essays such as cause and effect essay. Thus, they require recognition. It is of amazing value to look after the unborn. To begin with, you will opt for a subject of interest.

Friedrich St.Florian, About the WWII Memorial Designer

Friedrich St.Florian (born December 21, 1932 in Graz, Austria) is widely known for only one work, the National World War II Memorial. His influence on American architecture is mainly from his teaching, first at Columbia University in 1963, and then a lifetime career at the Rhode Island School of Design (RISD) in Providence, Rhode Island. St.Florians long teaching career places him at the head of the class for mentoring student architects. He is often called a Rhode Island architect, although this is an over-simplification of his world vision.  Settling in the United States in 1967 and a naturalized citizen since 1973, St.Florian has been called a visionary and theoretical architect for his futuristic drawings. St. Florians approach to design melds the theoretical (philosophical) with the practical (pragmatic). He believes that one must explore the philosophical background, define the problem, and then resolve the problem with a timeless design. His design philosophy includes this statement: We approach architectural design as a process that begins with exploration of philosophical underpinnings leading to concept ideas that will be subjected to vigorous testing. To us, how a problem is defined is critical to its resolution. Architectural design is the process of distillation that purifies the confluence of circumstances and ideals. We deal with pragmatic as well as fundamental concerns. In the end, the proposed design solutions are expected to reach beyond utilitarian considerations and stand as an artistic statement of timeless value. St.Florian (who leaves no space within his last name) earned a Masters Degree in Architecture (1958) at Technische Universadad in Graz, Austria, before receiving a Fullbright to study in the U.S. In 1962 he earned a Master of Science Degree in Architecture from Columbia University in New York City, and then headed to New England. While at RISD, he received a Fellowship to study at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) in Cambridge, Massachusetts from 1970 until 1976, becoming a licensed architect in 1974. St.Florian established Friedrich St.Florian Architects in Providence, Rhode Island in 1978. Principal Works St.Florians projects, like most architects, fall into at least two categories — works that got built and those that didnt. In Washington, D.C., the 2004 World War II Memorial (1997-2004) stands center stage on the National Mall, in site of the Lincoln Memorial and the Washington Monument. Closer to his own hometown, one finds many projects in and around Providence, Rhode Island, including the Sky Bridge (2000), the Pratt Hill Town Houses (2005), the House on College Hill (2009), and his own home, the St.Florian Residence, completed in 1989. Many, many architects (most architects) have design plans that are never built. Sometimes they are competition entries that dont win, and sometimes they are theoretical buildings or architecture of the mind — sketches of what if? Some of St.Florians unbuilt designs include the 1972 Georges Pompidour Centre for the Visual Arts, Paris, France (Second Prize with Raimund Abraham); the 1990 Matthson Public Library, Chicago, Illinois (Honorable Mention with Peter Twombly); the 2000 Monument to the Third Millennium; the 2001 National Opera House, Oslo, Norway (compare with the completed Oslo Opera House by the Norwegian architecture firm Snà ¸hetta); the 2008 Vertical Mechanical Parking; and the 2008 House of Arts and Culture (HAC), Beirut, Lebanon. About Theoretical Architecture All design is theoretical until actually built. Every invention was previously just a theory of a working thing, including flying machines, super tall buildings, and homes that use no energy. Many if not all theoretical architects believe that their projects are viable solutions to problems and can (and should) be built. Theoretical architecture is design and building of the mind — on paper, a verbalization, a rendering, a sketch. Some of St.Florians early theoretical works are part of the Museum of Modern Arts (MoMAs) permanent Exhibitions Collections in New York City: 1966, Vertical City: a 300-story cylindrical city designed to take advantage of sunlight above the clouds — The regions beyond the clouds were designated for those most in need of light—hospitals, schools, and the elderly — which could be continually provided by solar technology. 1968, New York Birdcage-Imaginary Architecture: spaces that become real and active only when in use; As in solid, earthbound architecture, each room is a dimensional space, with a floor, a ceiling, and walls, but it has no physical structure; existing only when drawn by the moving airplane, it depends entirely upon the airplanes presence and on the pilots and air-traffic controllers consciousness of designated coordinates. 1974, Himmelbelt: a four-poster bed (a Himmelbelt), set upon a polished stone foundation and beneath a heavenly projection; described as the juxtaposition between real physical space and the imaginary realm of dreams Fast Facts About the WWII Memorial Friedrich St.Florians winning design balances classical and modernist styles of architecture... states the National Park Service website, and celebrates the victory of the greatest generation. Dedicated: May 29, 2004Location: Washington, D.C. Constitution Gardens area of the National Mall, in the vicinity of the Vietnam Veterans Memorial and the Korean War Veterans MemorialConstruction Materials:  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Granite — approximately 17,000 individual stones from South Carolina, Georgia, Brazil, North Carolina, and California  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Bronze sculpting  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Stainless steel starsSymbolism of Stars: 4,048 gold stars, each symbolize 100 American military dead and missing, representing more than 400,000 of the 16 million who servedSymbolism of Granite Columns: 56 individual pillars, each represent a state or territory of the U.S. during World War II; each pillar has two wreaths, a wheat wreath representing agriculture and an oak wreath symbolizing industry Sources Elements of the Vertical City by Bevin Cline and Tina di Carlo from The Changing of the Avant-Garde: Visionary Architectural Drawings from the Howard Gilman Collection, Terence Riley, ed., New York: The Museum of Modern Art, 2002, p. 68 (online accessed November 26, 2012).Birdcage by Bevin Cline from Envisioning Architecture: Drawings from The Museum of Modern Art, Matilda McQuaid, ed., New York: The Museum of Modern Art, 2002, p. 154 (online accessed November 26, 2012).Himmelbelt by Bevin Cline and Tina di Carlo from The Changing of the Avant-Garde: Visionary Architectural Drawings from the Howard Gilman Collection, Terence Riley, ed., New York: The Museum of Modern Art, 2002, p. 127 (online accessed November 26, 2012).Frequently Asked Questions, History Culture, National Park Service Website. NPS website accessed November 18, 2012Rhode Island School of Design (RISD) Faculty Profile and Curriculum Vitae (PDF), accessed November 18, 2012; Design philosophy from www.fstflorian.com/ph ilosophy.html, accessed November 26, 2012.Getty Images from Mark Wilson and Chip Somodevilla; Library of Congress aerial image by Carol M. Highsmith

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Essay on Confucianism and Daoism - 795 Words

Confucianism and Daoism Confucian and Daoist views were important for the shaping and development of mankind in the past. They were views that existed among the eastern Asian countries. They had both similarities and differences in the way they shaped out self-knowledge and self-cultivation. Also there was other outside forces that played a major role in their theories. Nature and art were said to have helped shape the human race as we know it. Confucianism and Daoism seem to be complete polar opposites but there are some similarities between the two. One way that they are similar is that they both focus on the goal of self-improvement. Their teachings both agree that people are responsible for their personal life, individual†¦show more content†¦Do not be upset, do not be startled; all things will order themselves.(Cleary 39) Rather than disturbing the balance of nature, or being themselves disturbed by things beyond their control, they allow nature to take on its own order and find peace in that setting. A difference in self-knowledge can be determined between the two philosophies. Confucianism teaches the idea of spending more time with society learning everything you can so you can judge good from bad and promote virtue. Daoism gives a different view of self-knowledge. It promotes the belief that there is more to the world than can be studied. It says that human judgements and teachings can be flawed by lack of understanding the whole worldly picture. Instead, one should go about life with the concept of wu-wei(non purposeful action) which allows nature to show humans their ideal path. Nature does not play as big of a role in Confucianism in development as it does for Daoism. Confucianism deals more with your learnings from society and strive for the ideal of a gentleman or perfect man. One thing that is said to be determined by nature is that Confucius never stated whether man was born good or evil, noting that By nature men are similar; by practi ce men are wide apart(Lun Yu). Daoism has everything to do with nature. It plays the most important role in human development and knowledge . It states that humans should helpShow MoreRelatedConfucianism, Buddhism, And Daoism2567 Words   |  11 Pages Angelina Chen- Period 2 Shivani Pasricha- Period 6â€Æ' Confucianism, Buddhism, and Daoism The founder of Buddhism is Buddha Siddhartha, born 624 in present-day Nepal. His name means â€Å"Awakened One.† A Buddha is somebody who has awoken from sleep and suddenly sees things truthfully. As Buddha grew up, he could speak sixty-four different languages and was a good mathematician. He often visited poor and old people, and realized that every person would one day experience sufferingsRead MoreComparing Daoism and Confucianism681 Words   |  3 PagesYou can compare Daoism and Confucianism to yin and yang because they complement each other. Daoism and Confucianism coexist as complementary value classifications in East Asian societies. Unlike Jainism, Hinduism, and Buddhism, in which these religions were developed in East Asia, Daoism and Confucianism grew mainly in China. Although these religions grew from similar roots, they both still have different emphases. Daoism also known as Taoism, was a philosophical and radical text written by LaoziRead MoreConfucianism, Daoism, and Legalism976 Words   |  4 Pagesa variety of methods – Confucianism, Daoism, and Legalism to name a few. Each philosophy had its own set of rules of how people should act both in public and privately. 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A Confucian who might look upon the Roman society and governmentRead MoreRelationship between Daoism Confucianism864 Words   |  4 Pagesï » ¿Ethan Martinez Rel1300 Dr. Benjamin Murphy October 21, 2013 Relationship Between Daoism Confucianism History has shown us, that Daoism and Confucianism have many things in common as well as many differences, let me start with what is Daoism and Confucianism. Daoism is also known as Taoism, is a religious tradition originated from China in the 550 B.C.E, it was founded by Lao Tzu, a great philosopher and the author of the â€Å"Dao De Jing† .The â€Å"Dao De Jing† or â€Å"Tao Te Ching† is a Chinese textRead MoreConfucianism, Daoism, and Legalism Essay1175 Words   |  5 Pagesmatters of China. Confucianism became the paramount school of thinking and later significant philosophies such as Daoism and Legalism gained immense recognition as well. Each party had their own proposals for creating an idealistic political society where the many problems they faced in their everyday lives could be eliminated. All three approaches were very distinct but at the same time, they contained similarities as well. In my reasoning, I find that Confucianism and Daoism could be paralledRead MoreConfucianism And Daoism As Forms Of Philosophy And Religion902 Words   |  4 PagesWhile Confucianism and Daoism as forms of philosophy and religion differ on many levels they share some level of basic similarities of understanding in the world. Surprisingly, in comparison to teachings in other religions, neither of these two religions have a creation myth in the traditional sense but instead believe that in the â€Å"state of â€Å"undifferentiated chaos†Ã¢â‚¬  (IWR, 280) that was all of existence, â€Å"two polar yet complementary energies known as qi (â€Å"breath†, â€Å"energy†, or â€Å"force†)† (IWR 280)Read MoreEssay on The Daoism and the Confucianism in Han Dynasty1623 Words   |  7 PagesThe Daoism and the Confucianism in Han Dynasty Yang Yu History 135: Imperial Chinese History Professor: Robert J. Culp Paper I March 4th, 2011 The Daoism and the Confucianism in Han Dynasty As the dominant philosophical school for around two thousand years in Chinese imperial history, Confucianism is always regarded as the most representative ideology of China, associated with numerous books, poems, artworks and stories that glorify Confucianism’s permeation into every corner of ChineseRead MoreThe Influence of Ancient Chinese Philosophies such as Confucianism, Legalism and Daoism 2337 Words   |  10 Pagesspecified area. A proper example of this would be the three Chinese philosophies of Confucianism, Legalism and Daoism. These belief systems all represent a different path of the geographic spreads any belief system could take, despite having originated in the same areas. Even so, they all come to be major influences in the different ways of life of the Chinese people, as well as other neighboring areas. Confucianism is a great philosophy to live by. It provides a strict moral discipline, and helpsRead MoreAncient Chinese Philosophies : Comparisons Between Lao And Confucius1476 Words   |  6 PagesAncient Chinese Philosophies: Comparisons between Lao Su and Confucius Daoism and Confucianism are two of China’s oldest religions. Both of these men’s teachings largely affect China’s belief system today, and both still widely practiced and still have temples all over the world. Confucianism helped shape China’s education system that still stands today, and Daoism has been helping people understand â€Å"the way† of life since the Han Dynasty. They are both very similar to each other, but at the same

Human Immunodeficiency Virus ( Hiv ) Weakens The Immune...

Benchmark Assignment: Epidemiology Paper Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) weakens the immune system and makes people vulnerable to infections and some types of cancer (HIV/AIDS, 2016). HIV various vague symptoms that are flu like. These symptoms are vague and can last from a few days to several weeks. HIV is a sexually transmitted disease (STD) from one person to another via the mucus membranes (About HIV/AIDS, 2016). HIV can lead to Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS) if undiagnosed or untreated. There is no cure for HIV or AIDS. Depending on the individual, HIV can take from two to fifteen years to develop into AIDS. Thirty-five million people have lost their lives to HIV, making this a global health issue (HIV/AIDS, 2016). In the United States, approximately 1.2 million people were living with HIV at the end of 2012. Approximately 13% were unaware that they were infected. HIV has decreased 19% in the US between 2005 to 2014 (About HIV/AIDS, 2016). There are many factors th at contribute to HIV, including, the epidemiologic triangle, community nurses assisting in the reduction of HIV, national and world organizations that address HIV with the goal of reducing the spread of HIV. Epidemiologic Triangle There are three things to consider the with transmission of disease, known as the epidemiologic triangle, vulnerable person or host, the setting, and the infectious agent. In considering the host or individual, it is important to include demographics, the person’sShow MoreRelatedHIV and Aids are something that have been a major problem in a large part of the world for many1400 Words   |  6 PagesHIV and Aids are something that have been a major problem in a large part of the world for many years. These viruses have destroyed many families and have taken many people’s lives. There are many different ways for a person to receive the virus. As of today, there is still no cure for these horrible diseases. Until scientists and doctors are able to find a medicine that can cure them, many people will continue to be affected by these diseases. This research paper will break down each virusRead MoreAcquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome ( Aids )1289 Words   |  6 PagesIr refutably, the immune system is ones’ shield against pathogens, ones’ knight in shining armor that confronts intruders. Over time the immune system can deteriorate, and that comes with age and declining health. Other times the immune system fights against itself causing autoimmune diseases that may or may not do irreparable harm. And sometimes, immune deficiency can be acquired. This is the case of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS). AIDS is a disease where the immune system depreciates itsRead MoreIn 2015, An Estimate Of 36.7 Million People Was Living1009 Words   |  5 PagesIn 2015, an estimate of 36.7 million people was living with HIV and 1.1 million people died of AIDS-related illnesses (_). 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HIV destroys the immune system and causes the body to notRead MoreEpidemiology Paper on Hiv800 Words   |  4 PagesPromotion May 16, 2014 HIV stands for human immunodeficiency virus. It can lead to immunodeficiency syndrome or AIDS. It is caused by the HIV entering the uninfected body and stats to destroy CD4+cells which are there to help the body fight infection and disease (Webmd.com, 2014). Once you have HIV, you have it for life. More than 1.1 million people in United States alone are living with HIV and 1 out of 6 font even know it. About 50,000 people are infected with HIV each year (Cdc.gov, 2014).Read MoreAids ( Acquired Immune )1202 Words   |  5 PagesAIDS (Acquired immune deficiency syndrome) is a disease caused by a virus called HIV  (Human immunodeficiency virus). This changes the body’s immune system, exposing individuals to infections and diseases. HIV / AIDS is the most threatening pandemic in the whole world. 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Forthcoming Of American Literature Essay Research Paper free essay sample

Forthcoming Of American Literature Essay, Research Paper The forthcoming of American literature proposes two distinct Realistic novels portraying characters which are tested with a overplus of escapades. In this essay, two great American novels are compared: The Adventures of Huck Finn by Mark Twain and The Catcher In The Rye by J.D. Salinger. The Adventures of Huck Finn is a novel based on the escapades of a male child named Huck Finn, who along with a slave, Jim, do their manner along the Mississippi River during the Nineteenth Century. The Catcher In The Rye is a fresh about a immature adult male called Holden Caulfield, who travels from Pencey Prep to New York City fighting with his ain neurotic jobs. These two novels can be compared utilizing the Cosmologic Cycle with both actual and symbolic readings. The Cosmogonic Cycle is a name for a cosmopolitan and archetypical state of affairs. There are six parts that make up the rhythm: the call to escapade, the threshold crossing, the route of tests, the supreme trial, a flight or a flee, and eventually a return. There are more parts they do non needfully fall into the same order, illustrations of these are symbolic decease and motive. The Cosmologic Cycle is an interesting manner to interpret literature because is Universal or correlatives with any clip period and any state of affairs. The Call to Adventure is the first of the Cosmogonic Cycle. It is the existent # 8220 ; name to gamble # 8221 ; that one receives to get down the rhythm. There are many ways that this is found in literature including traveling by desire, by opportunity, by abduction, and by being lured by an outside force. In The Adventures of Huck Finn, Huck is forced with the quandary of whether to remain with his male parent and go on to be abused or to leave. Huck goes because he desires to get down his journey. In The Catcher In The Rye, Holden mentally is lacerate between experience and artlessness, it would look to him that an outside force is enticing him to make something but in actuality he is get downing his journey because of his desire. The Call to Adventure is the first measure in the Cosmogonic Cycle, it is the measure at which the character or hero is brought into rhythm. The Threshold Crossing is the 2nd measure, it is the topographic point or the individual that which the character crosses over or through into the Zone Unknown. The Zone Unknown being the topographic point where the journey takes topographic point. The threshold crossing is frequently associated with a character alteration or an visual aspect alteration. An illustration of this is in The Wizard of Oz, when the film goes from black and white to colourise, demoing a ocular symbolic decease. A symbolic decease is another portion to the Cosmogonic Cycle of which the character goes through a alteration and emerges a more complete individual or more experient. In The Adventures of Huck Finn, a symbolic decease is really evident during the scene in which Huck sets up his male parent # 8217 ; s cabin to look like Huck was viciously slaying. Huck emerges as a track kid and now must be careful of what he does, so that he does non acquire caught. Huck besides tells people false assumed names for himself so that no 1 knows his true individuality. Every clip that he does this he is symbolically deceasing and reemerges a more experient individual. In The Catcher In The Rye, Holden besides uses bogus names, but Holden symbolically dies through fainting, altering the place of his ruddy hunting chapeau, and is associated with bathrooms. The bathroom motive, or the reoccurring visual aspect of a bathroom, symbolizes decease for Holden because he enters bathrooms with a neurotic and matter-of-fact frame of head and issues with a cleared head. The usage of symbolic decease and motive is associated with the Threshold Crossing, the 2nd measure of the Cosmogonic Cycle. The Road of Trials is the following measure in the Cosmogonic Cycle, which are the obstructions which the character faces throughout the literary work. In The Adventures of Huck Finn, Huck # 8217 ; s Road of Trials occurs on the Mississippi River. He faces many obstructions, including moral gt ; determinations of right and incorrect, covering with con-artists, and assisting a runaway slave. He promulgates more experient from his journey down the river on his raft. In The Catcher In The Rye, Holden # 8217 ; s Road of Tests takes from Pencey Prep to New York City. Holden trades with his ain mental hallucinations, cognative disotience, and his desire to remain artlessness, his Peter Pan composite. The writer does non stop the novel with a happy stoping, from analysing Holden # 8217 ; s experiences we can presume he emerges a more complete and understanding individual once he came to the realisation. The route of tests is the 3rd measure of the Cosmogonic rhythm in which the character or hero faces adversities or enterprises and becomes more complete and experient. The Supreme Test or the Ultimate Test, is the forth measure of the Cosmologic Cycle where the character or hero is faced with a quandary of tremendous proportions, frequently found in the Zone of Magnified Power. The Zone of Magnified Power is found within the Zone Unknown but is a topographic point which has mystical and cryptic powers, such as the Emerald City in The Wizard of Oz. Huck is faced with the moral quandary of bondage throughout the full novel. This trial or inquiry continues to originate many times throughout the novel. Huck is torn between right and incorrect, in fact he about turns Jim, the runaway slave, in during his pursuit on the river. In the terminal, Jim is captured and Huck decides to liberate Jim by interrupting him out of the parturiency. In a sense Huck accomplishes his Supreme Test by making what he feels is morally right. On the other manus, Holden # 8217 ; s Supreme Test is to accept turning up. He does non desire to turn up but takes in experience. The novel shows his quandary through the glass motive, the reoccurring presence of glass, glass being the symbol through which one Michigan watching through and experiences. He systematically tries to wipe out the # 8220 ; f # 8212 ; k yous # 8221 ; written everyplace and comes to a realisation when he can # 8217 ; t wipe out one because it is out of his range and behind the # 8220 ; glass. # 8221 ; The glass motive besides appears when his brother, Allie, dies. When he is in the garage, he breaks the # 8220 ; glass # 8221 ; garage door Windowss, basically seeking to get away his choler. The effect is that he ends up more baffled than earlier even though he now has a realisation. The Supreme Test is frequently the high point of a literary work and the character or hero normally receives some sort of wages after being successful. The fifth and 6th parts of the Cosmogonic Cycle, the flight or flee and the return, can be combined into one case. After the character completes his obstructions and Supreme Test, he is allowed to return to world, the existent universe. Huck and Holden are both societal misfits and want to get away civilisation. Huck chooses to go forth and # 8220 ; light out for the new territory. # 8221 ; On the other manus, Holden has nowhere to # 8220 ; light out # 8221 ; to, because the Twentieth Century America has no new district, accordingly he is placed in a mental institute. The return place is the reinstitution to world as a more experient and whole individual. William Wordsworth emphasizes in his # 8220 ; Ode to Hints of Immortality From Recollections of Early Childhood, # 8221 ; utilizing the followers lines: # 8220 ; Though nil can convey back the hr Of luster in the grass, of glorification in the flower ; We will sorrow non, instead happen Strength in what remains behind ; # 8221 ; That we must set our idealistic image of the universe behind us and must expression at the universe behind us and must look at it in a more realistic plane. Children have an guiltless perceptual experience of the universe around them, but as grownups we realize the universe is non black or white but assorted colourss. The Cosmologic Cycle can be compared to the metabolism which a caterpillar goes through. The caterpillar starts out guiltless ( black and white ) and goes through phases or obstructions to go a butterfly. 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Watershed for Commonwealth Appropriation

Question: Discuss about the Watershed for Commonwealth Appropriation. Answer: Introduction: Bryan Pape who was a barrister and law lecturer was a plaintiff in this case representing himself. The case was in relation to the validity of Tax Bonus with respect to the Working Australian Act (No 2) 2009 as per the constitution. The legislation had the aim to provide up to $900 to tax payers who paid tax in one go. The case was decided by the high court on the 3rd day of April 2009. The plaintiff had challenged the provisions of the legislation based on the claim that the bonus provided through the legislation were not backed up the the powers of taxation according to the constitution and were actually a gift. Against the claim of the plaintiff it was argued by the defendant common wealth that the provisions of the legislation were backed up by Section 81 of the constitution, external affairs powers Section 51 (xxix), implied neighborhood power, trade and commerce power Section 51(i) and taxation power Section 51 (ii). Can the court grant relief to the plaintiff claimed by him in his statement of claim and writ of summons. The validity of the Tax Bonus Act because of its being backed by one or more implied or expressed sections of legislative powers with respect to the Australian constitution. The validity of the tax bonus which the plaintiff is eligible for with respect to appropriation under Subsection 83 and 81 of the Australian constitution On whom the burden of cost in relation to the special case should lie. With respect to the first and primary issue in relation to the case it was provided by the defendant commonwealth that the plaintiff in this case does not have adequate sufficient interest to provide arguments against the application of the Bonus Act against the other person. The submission of the defendant was rejected by all the members of the court. the court provided that the validity of the bonus pay would be binding in case of disputes which arise out of such payments in the future and if the tax bonus with respect to the plaintiff was invalid than the total tax bonus package should have been invalid. The court based on the fact that the legislation was as inseverable whole and the doctrine of president ruled that the plaintiff has the right to challenge all provisions of the legislation with respect to his complaint. The court ruled that the claim made by the plaintiff was a novel claim and in case he would succeed than it would be against his financial interest. Thus the cour t ruled that the answer to the first issue of the case is Yes. With respect to the second question in relation to constitutionality, appropriation powers with respect to Section 81 of the constitution provides that one consolidate revenue fund shall be formed with the moneys and revenue received or raised by the Executive government and shall be used according to the objectives of the commonwealth with respect to the liabilities and charges imposed by the constitution. It has further been provided by Section 83 of the constitution that the government is not allowed to take out any money from the commonwealth fund unless it has been sanctioned by a law. It had been argued by the commonwealth that it has been granted with powers to make legal provisions with respect to money through section 81. It was provided by commonwealth that according to section 83 purposes of the commonwealth meant the appropriate purpose as wished by the parliament and therefore the parliament had unlimited power to make laws in relation to money. The contention made by the defendant with respect to Section 81 of the constitution was rejected by the court. It was held by the court after analyzing the Section and the judgments of the previous courts on it that appropriation or spending powers were not consistent within their character. The analysis was done by the court not giving relevance to the other decisions of the court in relation to the section. The court ruled that money expenditure made by the commonwealth was required to be made either under executive powers of the common wealth or by provision in relation to the legislative power of the commonwealth. Thus, Section 81 and 83 do not support the money spent by the common wealth in this case. Under the executive powers the court held that the legislation in relation to the bonus was made within the powers of the parliament as it has been backed up by Section (XXXIX) of the constitution along with Section 61 dealing with executive powers. Therefore the answer to the second issue of the case was Yes. In Obiter, the majority of the judges ruled that the bonus act did not have enough evidence to be supported by taxation power. The next question before the court was the existence of appropriation. It has been provided by the plaintiff that the act was not valid under Section 83 of the Constitution. The court contrary to the claim provided that an appropriation by law existed. The decision was made by the court based on Section 16 of the Taxation Administration Act 1953. The court also considered section 3 of the Bonus Act according to which it could be made a taxation law. Concluding the finding the court ruled that section 81 and 83 themselves do not provide authority of expenditure instead they allow expenditure of government fund to be allowed by the parliament. Therefore the answer to the third issue was yes. The court in relation to the fourth issue ruled that both parties will bear their own cost. The decision of the court has changed the way in which powers provided by the constitution in relation to the commonwealth are interpreted. The decision is set to change the way in which the government works in relation to expenditure of government funds. The case has not been directly used in any other case yet but is provisions work as guidelines for judges to interpret the powers of the government. References Chordia, Shipra, Andrew Lynch, and George Williams. "Williams v. Commonwealth [No 2]-Commonwealth Executive Power and Spending after Williams [No 2]."Melb. UL Rev.39 (2015): 306. Chordia, Shipra, Andrew Lynch, and George Williams. "Williams v. Commonwealth: Commonwealth Executive Power and Australian Federalism."Melb. UL Rev.37 (2013): 189. Hemming, Andrew. "Williams v Commonwealth: Much Ado about Nothing."U. Queensland LJ33 (2014): 233. Hogg, Melissa, and Charles Lawson. "The Watershed for Commonwealth Appropriation and Spending after Pape and Williams?." (2014). Lynch, Andrew. "Commonwealth Spending After Williams (No 2): Has the New Dawn Risen?." (2015). Olds, Michael.The stream cannot rise above its source: The principle of responsible government informing a limit on the ambit of the Executive Power of the Commonwealth. Diss. Murdoch University, 2016. Twomey, Anne. "Post-Williams Expenditure-When Can the Commonwealth and States Spend Public Money without Parliamentary Authorisation."U. Queensland LJ33 (2014): 9.